<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jonathan Wolpaw</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loeb, Gerald E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brendan Z. Allison</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emanuel Donchin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">do Nascimento, Omar Feix</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heetderks, William J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nijboer, Femke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shain, William G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Turner, James N.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BCI Meeting 2005–workshop on signals and recording methods.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain-computer interface (BCI)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">electrophysiological signals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rehabilitation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2006</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16792279</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">138–141</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This paper describes the highlights of presentations and discussions during the Third International BCI Meeting in a workshop that evaluated potential brain-computer interface (BCI) signals and currently available recording methods. It defined the main potential user populations and their needs, addressed the relative advantages and disadvantages of noninvasive and implanted (i.e., invasive) methodologies, considered ethical issues, and focused on the challenges involved in translating BCI systems from the laboratory to widespread clinical use. The workshop stressed the critical importance of developing useful applications that establish the practical value of BCI technology.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Theresa M Vaughan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heetderks, William J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trejo, Leonard J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rymer, William Z.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weinrich, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moore, Melody M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kübler, Andrea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dobkin, Bruce H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niels Birbaumer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emanuel Donchin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wolpaw, Elizabeth Winter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jonathan Wolpaw</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain-computer interface technology: a review of the Second International Meeting.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">augmentative communication</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain-computer interface (BCI)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">electroencephalography (EEG)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rehabilitation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2003</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12899247</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">94–109</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This paper summarizes the Brain-Computer Interfaces for Communication and Control, The Second International Meeting, held in Rensselaerville, NY, in June 2002. Sponsored by the National Institutes of Health and organized by the Wadsworth Center of the New York State Department of Health, the meeting addressed current work and future plans in brain-computer interface (BCI) research. Ninety-two researchers representing 38 different research groups from the United States, Canada, Europe, and China participated. The BCIs discussed at the meeting use electroencephalographic activity recorded from the scalp or single-neuron activity recorded within cortex to control cursor movement, select letters or icons, or operate neuroprostheses. The central element in each BCI is a translation algorithm that converts electrophysiological input from the user into output that controls external devices. BCI operation depends on effective interaction between two adaptive controllers, the user who encodes his or her commands in the electrophysiological input provided to the BCI, and the BCI that recognizes the commands contained in the input and expresses them in device control. Current BCIs have maximum information transfer rates of up to 25 b/min. Achievement of greater speed and accuracy requires improvements in signal acquisition and processing, in translation algorithms, and in user training. These improvements depend on interdisciplinary cooperation among neuroscientists, engineers, computer programmers, psychologists, and rehabilitation specialists, and on adoption and widespread application of objective criteria for evaluating alternative methods. The practical use of BCI technology will be determined by the development of appropriate applications and identification of appropriate user groups, and will require careful attention to the needs and desires of individual users.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>