%0 Journal Article %J J Neural Eng %D 2008 %T Two-dimensional movement control using electrocorticographic signals in humans. %A Gerwin Schalk %A Miller, K.J. %A Nicholas R Anderson %A Adam J Wilson %A Smyth, Matt %A Ojemann, J G %A Moran, D %A Jonathan Wolpaw %A Leuthardt, E C %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Brain Mapping %K Data Interpretation, Statistical %K Drug Resistance %K Electrocardiography %K Electrodes, Implanted %K Electroencephalography %K Epilepsy %K Female %K Humans %K Male %K Movement %K User-Computer Interface %X

We show here that a brain-computer interface (BCI) using electrocorticographic activity (ECoG) and imagined or overt motor tasks enables humans to control a computer cursor in two dimensions. Over a brief training period of 12-36 min, each of five human subjects acquired substantial control of particular ECoG features recorded from several locations over the same hemisphere, and achieved average success rates of 53-73% in a two-dimensional four-target center-out task in which chance accuracy was 25%. Our results support the expectation that ECoG-based BCIs can combine high performance with technical and clinical practicality, and also indicate promising directions for further research.

%B J Neural Eng %V 5 %P 75-84 %8 03/2008 %G eng %U http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18310813 %N 1 %R 10.1088/1741-2560/5/1/008