%0 Journal Article %J J Neural Eng %D 2022 %T Automated intraoperative central sulcus localization and somatotopic mapping using median nerve stimulation. %A Xie, Tao %A Wu, Zehan %A Schalk, Gerwin %A Tong, Yusheng %A Vato, Alessandro %A Raviv, Nataly %A Guo, Qinglong %A Ye, Huanpeng %A Sheng, Xinjun %A Zhu, Xiangyang %A Peter Brunner %A Chen, Liang %X

OBJECTIVE: Accurate identiļ¬cation of functional cortical regions is essential in neurological resection. The central sulcus (CS) is an important landmark that delineates functional cortical regions. Median nerve stimulation (MNS) is a standard procedure to identify the position of the CS intraoperatively. In this paper, we introduce an automated procedure that uses MNS to rapidly localize the CS and create functional somatotopic maps.

APPROACH: We recorded electrocorticographic signals from 13 patients who underwent MNS in the course of an awake craniotomy. We analyzed these signals to develop an automated procedure that determines the location of the CS and that also produces functional somatotopic maps.

MAIN RESULTS: The comparison between our automated method and visual inspection performed by the neurosurgeon shows that our procedure has a high sensitivity (89%) in identifying the CS. Further, we found substantial concordance between the functional somatotopic maps generated by our method and passive functional mapping (92% sensitivity).

SIGNIFICANCE: Our automated MNS-based method can rapidly localize the CS and create functional somatotopic maps without imposing additional burden on the clinical procedure. With additional development and validation, our method may lead to a diagnostic tool that guides neurosurgeon and reduces postoperative morbidity in patients undergoing resective brain surgery.

%B J Neural Eng %8 07/2022 %G eng %R 10.1088/1741-2552/ac7dfd %0 Journal Article %J J Neural Eng %D 2019 %T iEEGview: an open-source multifunction GUI-based Matlab toolbox for localization and visualization of human intracranial electrodes. %A Li, Guangye %A Jiang, Shize %A Chen, Chen %A Peter Brunner %A Wu, Zehan %A Schalk, Gerwin %A Chen, Liang %A Zhang, Dingguo %K Brain %K Brain Mapping %K Electrocorticography %K Electrodes, Implanted %K Electroencephalography %K Humans %K Magnetic Resonance Imaging %X

OBJECTIVE: The precise localization of intracranial electrodes is a fundamental step relevant to the analysis of intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) recordings in various fields. With the increasing development of iEEG studies in human neuroscience, higher requirements have been posed on the localization process, resulting in urgent demand for more integrated, easy-operation and versatile tools for electrode localization and visualization. With the aim of addressing this need, we develop an easy-to-use and multifunction toolbox called iEEGview, which can be used for the localization and visualization of human intracranial electrodes.

APPROACH: iEEGview is written in Matlab scripts and implemented with a GUI. From the GUI, by taking only pre-implant MRI and post-implant CT images as input, users can directly run the full localization pipeline including brain segmentation, image co-registration, electrode reconstruction, anatomical information identification, activation map generation and electrode projection from native brain space into common brain space for group analysis. Additionally, iEEGview implements methods for brain shift correction, visual location inspection on MRI slices and computation of certainty index in anatomical label assignment.

MAIN RESULTS: All the introduced functions of iEEGview work reliably and successfully, and are tested by images from 28 human subjects implanted with depth and/or subdural electrodes.

SIGNIFICANCE: iEEGview is the first public Matlab GUI-based software for intracranial electrode localization and visualization that holds integrated capabilities together within one pipeline. iEEGview promotes convenience and efficiency for the localization process, provides rich localization information for further analysis and offers solutions for addressing raised technical challenges. Therefore, it can serve as a useful tool in facilitating iEEG studies.

%B J Neural Eng %V 17 %P 016016 %8 12/2019 %G eng %N 1 %R 10.1088/1741-2552/ab51a5