TY - JOUR T1 - BCI Meeting 2005–workshop on signals and recording methods. JF - IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Y1 - 2006 A1 - Jonathan Wolpaw A1 - Loeb, Gerald E. A1 - Brendan Z. Allison A1 - Emanuel Donchin A1 - do Nascimento, Omar Feix A1 - Heetderks, William J. A1 - Nijboer, Femke A1 - Shain, William G. A1 - Turner, James N. KW - Brain-computer interface (BCI) KW - electrophysiological signals KW - Rehabilitation AB - This paper describes the highlights of presentations and discussions during the Third International BCI Meeting in a workshop that evaluated potential brain-computer interface (BCI) signals and currently available recording methods. It defined the main potential user populations and their needs, addressed the relative advantages and disadvantages of noninvasive and implanted (i.e., invasive) methodologies, considered ethical issues, and focused on the challenges involved in translating BCI systems from the laboratory to widespread clinical use. The workshop stressed the critical importance of developing useful applications that establish the practical value of BCI technology. VL - 14 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16792279 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Brain-computer interface technology: a review of the Second International Meeting. JF - IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Y1 - 2003 A1 - Theresa M Vaughan A1 - Heetderks, William J. A1 - Trejo, Leonard J. A1 - Rymer, William Z. A1 - Weinrich, Michael A1 - Moore, Melody M. A1 - Kübler, Andrea A1 - Dobkin, Bruce H. A1 - Niels Birbaumer A1 - Emanuel Donchin A1 - Wolpaw, Elizabeth Winter A1 - Jonathan Wolpaw KW - augmentative communication KW - Brain-computer interface (BCI) KW - electroencephalography (EEG) KW - Rehabilitation AB - This paper summarizes the Brain-Computer Interfaces for Communication and Control, The Second International Meeting, held in Rensselaerville, NY, in June 2002. Sponsored by the National Institutes of Health and organized by the Wadsworth Center of the New York State Department of Health, the meeting addressed current work and future plans in brain-computer interface (BCI) research. Ninety-two researchers representing 38 different research groups from the United States, Canada, Europe, and China participated. The BCIs discussed at the meeting use electroencephalographic activity recorded from the scalp or single-neuron activity recorded within cortex to control cursor movement, select letters or icons, or operate neuroprostheses. The central element in each BCI is a translation algorithm that converts electrophysiological input from the user into output that controls external devices. BCI operation depends on effective interaction between two adaptive controllers, the user who encodes his or her commands in the electrophysiological input provided to the BCI, and the BCI that recognizes the commands contained in the input and expresses them in device control. Current BCIs have maximum information transfer rates of up to 25 b/min. Achievement of greater speed and accuracy requires improvements in signal acquisition and processing, in translation algorithms, and in user training. These improvements depend on interdisciplinary cooperation among neuroscientists, engineers, computer programmers, psychologists, and rehabilitation specialists, and on adoption and widespread application of objective criteria for evaluating alternative methods. The practical use of BCI technology will be determined by the development of appropriate applications and identification of appropriate user groups, and will require careful attention to the needs and desires of individual users. VL - 11 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12899247 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Brain-computer interface technology: a review of the first international meeting. JF - IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng Y1 - 2000 A1 - Jonathan Wolpaw A1 - Niels Birbaumer A1 - Heetderks, W J A1 - Dennis J. McFarland A1 - Peckham, P H A1 - Gerwin Schalk A1 - Emanuel Donchin A1 - Quatrano, L A A1 - Robinson, C J A1 - Theresa M Vaughan KW - Algorithms KW - Cerebral Cortex KW - Communication Aids for Disabled KW - Disabled Persons KW - Electroencephalography KW - Evoked Potentials KW - Humans KW - Neuromuscular Diseases KW - Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted KW - User-Computer Interface AB -

Over the past decade, many laboratories have begun to explore brain-computer interface (BCI) technology as a radically new communication option for those with neuromuscular impairments that prevent them from using conventional augmentative communication methods. BCI's provide these users with communication channels that do not depend on peripheral nerves and muscles. This article summarizes the first international meeting devoted to BCI research and development. Current BCI's use electroencephalographic (EEG) activity recorded at the scalp or single-unit activity recorded from within cortex to control cursor movement, select letters or icons, or operate a neuroprosthesis. The central element in each BCI is a translation algorithm that converts electrophysiological input from the user into output that controls external devices. BCI operation depends on effective interaction between two adaptive controllers, the user who encodes his or her commands in the electrophysiological input provided to the BCI, and the BCI which recognizes the commands contained in the input and expresses them in device control. Current BCI's have maximum information transfer rates of 5-25 b/min. Achievement of greater speed and accuracy depends on improvements in signal processing, translation algorithms, and user training. These improvements depend on increased interdisciplinary cooperation between neuroscientists, engineers, computer programmers, psychologists, and rehabilitation specialists, and on adoption and widespread application of objective methods for evaluating alternative methods. The practical use of BCI technology depends on the development of appropriate applications, identification of appropriate user groups, and careful attention to the needs and desires of individual users. BCI research and development will also benefit from greater emphasis on peer-reviewed publications, and from adoption of standard venues for presentations and discussion.

VL - 8 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10896178 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Brain-computer interface technology: a review of the first international meeting. JF - IEEE transactions on rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Y1 - 2000 A1 - Jonathan Wolpaw A1 - Niels Birbaumer A1 - Heetderks, W. J. A1 - Dennis J. McFarland A1 - Peckham, P. H. A1 - Gerwin Schalk A1 - Emanuel Donchin A1 - Quatrano, L. A. A1 - Robinson, C. J. A1 - Theresa M Vaughan KW - augmentative communication KW - Brain-computer interface (BCI) KW - electroencephalography (EEG) AB - Over the past decade, many laboratories have begun to explore brain-computer interface (BCI) technology as a radically new communication option for those with neuromuscular impairments that prevent them from using conventional augmentative communication methods. BCI's provide these users with communication channels that do not depend on peripheral nerves and muscles. This article summarizes the first international meeting devoted to BCI research and development. Current BCI's use electroencephalographic (EEG) activity recorded at the scalp or single-unit activity recorded from within cortex to control cursor movement, select letters or icons, or operate a neuroprosthesis. The central element in each BCI is a translation algorithm that converts electrophysiological input from the user into output that controls external devices. BCI operation depends on effective interaction between two adaptive controllers, the user who encodes his or her commands in the electrophysiological input provided to the BCI, and the BCI which recognizes the commands contained in the input and expresses them in device control. Current BCI's have maximum information transfer rates of 5-25 b/min. Achievement of greater speed and accuracy depends on improvements in signal processing, translation algorithms, and user training. These improvements depend on increased interdisciplinary cooperation between neuroscientists, engineers, computer programmers, psychologists, and rehabilitation specialists, and on adoption and widespread application of objective methods for evaluating alternative methods. The practical use of BCI technology depends on the development of appropriate applications, identification of appropriate user groups, and careful attention to the needs and desires of individual users. BCI research and development will also benefit from greater emphasis on peer-reviewed publications, and from adoption of standard venues for presentations and discussion. VL - 8 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10896178 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EEG-based communication: prospects and problems. JF - IEEE transactions on rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Y1 - 1996 A1 - Theresa M Vaughan A1 - Jonathan Wolpaw A1 - Emanuel Donchin KW - Visual Perception AB - Current rehabilitation engineering combines new prosthetic methods with recent developments in personal computers to provide alternative communication and control channels to individuals with motor impairments. Despite these advances, all commercially available systems still require some measure of voluntary motor control. Thus, these systems are not useful for individuals who are totally paralyzed. Electroencephalographic (EEG) activity may provide the basis for a system that would completely bypass normal motor output. EEG-based communication technology might provide assistive devices for individuals who have little or no reliable motor function. This paper reviews the prospects for and problems of EEG-based communication. It summarizes current approaches to development of this new technology, describes the major problems that must be resolved, and focuses on issues critical for its use by those with severe motor disabilities. VL - 4 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8973969 ER -