02579nas a2200289   4500008004100000022001400041245014200055210006900197260001200266300001400278490000800292520157400300653003401874653003001908653002701938653001101965653002201976653001101998100002802009700001602037700002502053700002102078700002102099700002402120700002402144856012102168       2023                        eng d  a1432-145900aTowards clinical application of implantable brain-computer interfaces for people with late-stage ALS: medical and ethical considerations.0 aTowards clinical application of implantable braincomputer interf  c03/2023  a1323-13360 v2703 a<p>Individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) frequently develop speech and communication problems in the course of their disease. Currently available augmentative and alternative communication technologies do not present a solution for many people with advanced ALS, because these devices depend on residual and reliable motor activity. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) use neural signals for computer control and may allow people with late-stage ALS to communicate even when conventional technology falls short. Recent years have witnessed fast progression in the development and validation of implanted BCIs, which place neural signal recording electrodes in or on the cortex. Eventual widespread clinical application of implanted BCIs as an assistive communication technology for people with ALS will have significant consequences for their daily life, as well as for the clinical management of the disease, among others because of the potential interaction between the BCI and other procedures people with ALS undergo, such as tracheostomy. This article aims to facilitate responsible real-world implementation of implanted BCIs. We review the state of the art of research on implanted BCIs for communication, as well as the medical and ethical implications of the clinical application of this technology. We conclude that the contribution of all BCI stakeholders, including clinicians of the various ALS-related disciplines, will be needed to develop procedures for, and shape the process of, the responsible clinical application of implanted BCIs.</p>10aAmyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis10abrain-computer interfaces10aElectroencephalography10aHumans10aSelf-Help Devices10aSpeech1 aVansteensel, Mariska, J1 aKlein, Eran1 avan Thiel, Ghislaine1 aGaytant, Michael1 aSimmons, Zachary1 aWolpaw, Jonathan, R1 aVaughan, Theresa, M  uhttps://www.neurotechcenter.org/publications/2023/towards-clinical-application-implantable-brain-computer-interfaces04251nas a2200505   4500008004100000022001400041245009900055210006900154260001200223300001200235490000700247520283600254653003103090653001503121653001003136653001003146653001003156653002703166653002903193653001103222653001103233653001303244653000903257653001603266653001703282653003303299653001903332653002803351653001303379653002203392653001303414653004303427653002803470653001303498100001603511700002203527700001803549700002103567700001903588700002103607700002203628700002703650700002003677856004803697       2008                        eng d  a0361-923000aNon-invasive brain-computer interface system: towards its application as assistive technology.0 aNoninvasive braincomputer interface system towards its applicati  c04/2008  a796-8030 v753 a<p><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;">The quality of life of people suffering from severe motor disabilities can benefit from the use of current assistive technology capable of ameliorating communication, house-environment management and mobility, according to the user's residual motor abilities.&nbsp;</span><span class="highlight" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;">Brain-computer interfaces</span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;">&nbsp;(BCIs) are systems that can translate&nbsp;</span><span class="highlight" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;">brain</span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;">&nbsp;activity into signals that control external devices. Thus they can represent the only technology for severely paralyzed patients to increase or maintain their communication and control options. Here we report on a pilot study in which a system was implemented and validated to allow disabled persons to improve or recover their mobility (directly or by emulation) and communication within the surrounding environment. The system is based on a software controller that offers to the user a communication interface that is matched with the individual's residual motor abilities. Patients (n=14) with severe motor disabilities due to progressive neurodegenerative disorders were trained to use the system prototype under a rehabilitation program carried out in a house-like furnished space. All users utilized regular assistive control options (e.g., microswitches or head trackers). In addition, four subjects learned to operate the system by means of a non-invasive EEG-based BCI. This system was controlled by the subjects' voluntary modulations of EEG sensorimotor rhythms recorded on the scalp; this skill was learnt even though the subjects have not had control over their limbs for a long time. We conclude that such a prototype system, which integrates several different assistive technologies including a BCI system, can potentially facilitate the translation from pre-</span><span class="highlight" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;">clinical</span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;">&nbsp;demonstrations to a&nbsp;</span><span class="highlight" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;">clinical</span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;">&nbsp;useful BCI.</span></p>10aActivities of Daily Living10aAdolescent10aAdult10aBrain10aChild10aElectroencephalography10aEvoked Potentials, Motor10aFemale10aHumans10aLearning10aMale10aMiddle Aged10aMotor Skills10aMuscular Dystrophy, Duchenne10aPilot Projects10aProstheses and Implants10aRobotics10aSelf-Help Devices10aSoftware10aSpinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood10aUser-Computer Interface10aVolition1 aCincotti, F1 aMattia, Donatella1 aAloise, Fabio1 aBufalari, Simona1 aSchalk, Gerwin1 aOriolo, Giuseppe1 aCherubini, Andrea1 aMarciani, Maria Grazia1 aBabiloni, Fabio  uhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1839452601913nas a2200349   4500008004100000022001400041245007900055210006900134260001200203300001100215520081300226653001001039653003601049653002101085653001101106653003101117653002001148653002201168653001301190653002801203100001601231700001801247700002101265700001901286700002101305700002201326700002101348700002001369700002701389700002201416856012501438       2007                        eng d  a1557-170X00aNon-invasive brain-computer interface system to operate assistive devices.0 aNoninvasive braincomputer interface system to operate assistive   c04/2007  a2532-53 aIn this pilot study, a system that allows disabled persons to improve or recover their mobility and communication within the surrounding environment was implemented and validated. The system is based on a software controller that offers to the user a communication interface that is matched with the individual's residual motor abilities. Fourteen patients with severe motor disabilities due to progressive neurodegenerative disorders were trained to use the system prototype under a rehabilitation program. All users utilized regular assistive control options (e.g., microswitches or head trackers) while four patients learned to operate the system by means of a non-invasive EEG-based Brain-Computer Interface, based on the subjects' voluntary modulations of EEG sensorimotor rhythms recorded on the scalp.10aBrain10aCommunication Aids for Disabled10aComputer Systems10aHumans10aNeurodegenerative Diseases10aQuality of Life10aSelf-Help Devices10aSoftware10aUser-Computer Interface1 aCincotti, F1 aAloise, Fabio1 aBufalari, Simona1 aSchalk, Gerwin1 aOriolo, Giuseppe1 aCherubini, Andrea1 aDavide, Fabrizio1 aBabiloni, Fabio1 aMarciani, Maria Grazia1 aMattia, Donatella  uhttps://www.neurotechcenter.org/publications/2007/non-invasive-brain-computer-interface-system-operate-assistive-devices