02689nas a2200397   4500008004100000022001400041245010000055210006900155260001200224520157100236653003301807653003001840653002201870653001101892100002101903700001601924700001301940700001501953700001401968700001601982700001601998700001602014700001602030700001402046700001802060700001602078700001102094700001302105700001602118700001102134700001402145700001302159700001402172700001302186856009202199       2018                        eng d  a1526-632X00aIndependent home use of a brain-computer interface by people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis0 aIndependent home use of a braincomputer interface by people with  c06/20183 aObjective: To assess the reliability and usefulness of an EEG-based brain-computer interface (BCI) for patients with advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) who used it independently at home for up to 18 months.

Methods: Of 42 patients consented, 39 (93%) met the study criteria, and 37 (88%) were assessed for use of the Wadsworth BCI. Nine (21%) could not use the BCI. Of the other 28, 27 (men, age 28–79 years) (64%) had the BCI placed in their homes, and they and their caregivers were trained to use it. Use data were collected by Internet. Periodic visits evaluated BCI benefit and burden and quality of life.

Results: Over subsequent months, 12 (29% of the original 42) left the study because of death or rapid disease progression and 6 (14%) left because of decreased interest. Fourteen (33%) completed training and used the BCI independently, mainly for communication. Technical problems were rare. Patient and caregiver ratings indicated that BCI benefit exceeded burden. Quality of life remained stable. Of those not lost to the disease, half completed the study; all but 1 patient kept the BCI for further use.

Conclusion: The Wadsworth BCI home system can function reliably and usefully when operated by patients in their homes. BCIs that support communication are at present most suitable for people who are severely disabled but are otherwise in stable health. Improvements in BCI convenience and performance, including some now underway, should increase the number of people who find them useful and the extent to which they are used.10aAll clinical neurophysiology10aAll Neuromuscular Disease10aEvoked Potentials10avisual1 aWolpaw, Jonathan1 aBedlack, RS1 aReda, DJ1 aRinger, RJ1 aBanks, PG1 aVaughan, TM1 aHeckman, SM1 aMcCrane, LM1 aCarmack, CS1 aWinden, S1 aMcFarland, DJ1 aSellers, EW1 aShi, H1 aPaine, T1 aHiggins, DS1 aLo, AC1 aPatwa, HS1 aHill, KJ1 aHuang, GS1 aRuff, RL  uhttp://n.neurology.org/content/neurology/early/2018/06/27/WNL.0000000000005812.full.pdf02268nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245010300055210006900158260001200227300001400239490000700253520148500260653003601745653001301781653002301794653002101817653001301838653001801851653001101869100001501880700002101895700001901916700002001935856004701955       1989                        eng d  a0197-846200aChronic exposure of primates to 60-Hz electric and magnetic fields: III. Neurophysiologic effects.0 aChronic exposure of primates to 60Hz electric and magnetic field  c01/1989  a303–3170 v103 aThe neurophysiologic effects of combined 60-Hz electric (E) and magnetic (B) fields, of magnitudes comparable to those produced by high-voltage powerlines, were investigated in 10 monkeys (Macaca nemestrina). Six animals (experimental group) were each exposed to three different levels of E and B fields: 3 kV/m and 0.1 G, 10 kV/m and 0.3 G, and 30 kV/m and 0.9 G. Field exposures were preceded and followed by sham exposures, during which factors of field generation were present (e.g., heat, vibration, noise, etc.) without E and B fields. Each of the five segments (i.e., the three exposure segments and the initial and final sham exposure segments) lasted 3 weeks. Animals were exposed for 18 h/day (fields on at 1600 h, off at 1000 h). Four other animals (external control group) were given sham exposure for the entire 15-week period. Auditory, visual, and somatosensory evoked potentials were recorded twice a week, during the daily 6-h field-off period. E- and B-field exposure had no effect on the early or mid-latency evoked potential components, suggesting that exposure at these levels has no effect on peripheral or central sensory afferent pathways. However, there was a statistically significant decrease in the amplitudes of late components of the somatosensory evoked potential during the 10kV/m and 0.3 G, and 30 kV/m and 0.9 G exposure levels. This result is possibly related to the opiate antagonist effect of electromagnetic field exposure reported by others.10a60-Hz electromagnetic radiation10aauditory10abrainstem auditory10aevoked potential10aprimates10asomatosensory10avisual1 aDowman, R.1 aWolpaw, Jonathan1 aSeegal, R., F.1 aSatya-Murti, S.  uhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2751703