01738nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245009800055210006900153260001200222300001400234490000700248520099700255653001501252653003101267653001801298653001401316653003001330100002101360700002301381700002101404700002301425856004801448       2012                        eng d  a1097-459800aH-reflex modulation in the human medial and lateral gastrocnemii during standing and walking.0 aHreflex modulation in the human medial and lateral gastrocnemii   c01/2012  a116–1250 v453 aINTRODUCTION:
The soleus H-reflex is dynamically modulated during walking. However, modulation of the gastrocnemii H-reflexes has not been studied systematically.
METHODS:
The medial and lateral gastrocnemii (MG and LG) and soleus H-reflexes were measured during standing and walking in humans.
RESULTS:
Maximum H-reflex amplitude was significantly smaller in MG (mean 1.1 mV) or LG (1.1 mV) than in soleus (3.3 mV). Despite these size differences, the reflex amplitudes of the three muscles were positively correlated. The MG and LG H-reflexes were phase- and task-dependently modulated in ways similar to the soleus H-reflex.
CONCLUSIONS:
Although there are anatomical and physiological differences between the soleus and gastrocnemii muscles, the reflexes of the three muscles are similarly modulated during walking and between standing and walking. Our findings support the hypothesis that these reflexes are synergistically modulated during walking to facilitate ongoing movement.10aLocomotion10aphase-dependent modulation10aspinal reflex10asynergist10atask-dependent modulation1 aMakihara, Yukiko1 aSegal, Richard, L.1 aWolpaw, Jonathan1 aThompson, Aiko, K.  uhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2219031701519nas a2200301   4500008004100000022001400041245009500055210006900150260001200219300001400231490001700245520064100262653001300903653002400916653001500940653001500955653002400970653001900994653002301013100002101036700001301057700001301070700001901083700002301102700002301125700002101148856004801169       2010                        eng d  a1749-663200aReflex conditioning: a new strategy for improving motor function after spinal cord injury.0 aReflex conditioning a new strategy for improving motor function   c06/2010  aE12–E210 v1198 Suppl 13 aSpinal reflex conditioning changes reflex size, induces spinal cord plasticity, and modifies locomotion. Appropriate reflex conditioning can improve walking in rats after spinal cord injury (SCI). Reflex conditioning offers a new therapeutic strategy for restoring function in people with SCI. This approach can address the specific deficits of individuals with SCI by targeting specific reflex pathways for increased or decreased responsiveness. In addition, once clinically significant regeneration can be achieved, reflex conditioning could provide a means of reeducating the newly (and probably imperfectly) reconnected spinal cord.10aH-Reflex10alearning and memory10aLocomotion10aplasticity10areflex conditioning10aRehabilitation10aspinal cord injury1 aChen, Xiang Yang1 aChen, Yi1 aWang, Yu1 aThompson, Aiko1 aCarp, Jonathan, S.1 aSegal, Richard, L.1 aWolpaw, Jonathan  uhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20590534