@article {4095,
	title = {Differential roles of high gamma and local motor potentials for movement preparation and execution},
	journal = {Brain-Computer Interfaces},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2016},
	month = {May},
	pages = {88-102},
	abstract = {Determining a person{\textquoteright}s intent, such as the planned direction of their movement, directly from their cortical activity could support important applications such as brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Continuing development of improved BCI systems requires a better understanding of how the brain prepares for and executes movements. To contribute to this understanding, we recorded surface cortical potentials (electrocorticographic signals; ECoG) in 11 human subjects performing a delayed center-out task to establish the differential role of high gamma activity (HGA) and the local motor potential (LMP) as a function of time and anatomical area during movement preparation and execution. High gamma modulations mostly confirm previous findings of sensorimotor cortex involvement, whereas modulations in LMPs are observed in prefrontal cortices. These modulations include directional information during movement planning as well as execution. Our results suggest that sampling signals from these widely distributed cortical areas improves decoding accuracy.},
	keywords = {BCI, brain-computer interfaces, ECoG, Electrocorticography, sensorimotor systems},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1080/2326263X.2016.1179087},
	author = {Gunduz, Aysegul and Peter Brunner and Sharma, Mohit and Leuthardt, Eric C. and Ritaccio, Anthony L. and Pesaran, Bijan and Schalk, Gerwin}
}
@article {2101,
	title = {Neural Correlates of Covert Attention in Electrocorticographic (ECoG) Signals in Humans.},
	journal = {Front Hum Neurosci},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2011},
	month = {09/2011},
	pages = {89},
	abstract = {<p><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 17px;">Attention is a cognitive selection mechanism that allocates the limited processing resources of the brain to the sensory streams most relevant to our immediate goals, thereby enhancing responsiveness and behavioral performance. The underlying neural mechanisms of orienting attention are distributed across a widespread cortical network. While aspects of this network have been extensively studied, details about the electrophysiological dynamics of this network are scarce. In this study, we investigated attentional networks using electrocorticographic (ECoG) recordings from the surface of the brain, which combine broad spatial coverage with high temporal resolution, in five human subjects. ECoG was recorded when subjects covertly attended to a spatial location and responded to contrast changes in the presence of distractors in a modified Posner cueing task. ECoG amplitudes in the alpha, beta, and gamma bands identified neural changes associated with covert attention and motor preparation/execution in the different stages of the task. The results show that attentional engagement was primarily associated with ECoG activity in the visual, prefrontal, premotor, and parietal cortices. Motor preparation/execution was associated with ECoG activity in premotor/sensorimotor cortices. In summary, our results illustrate rich and distributed cortical dynamics that are associated with orienting attention and the subsequent motor preparation and execution. These findings are largely consistent with and expand on primate studies using intracortical recordings and human functional neuroimaging studies.</span></p>},
	keywords = {covert attention, Electrocorticography, intention, motor response, visual-spatial attention},
	issn = {1662-5161},
	doi = {10.3389/fnhum.2011.00089},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22046153},
	author = {Gunduz, Aysegul and Peter Brunner and Amy Daitch and Leuthardt, E C and A L Ritaccio and Pesaran, Bijan and Gerwin Schalk}
}
