TY - JOUR T1 - H-reflex down-conditioning greatly increases the number of identifiable GABAergic interneurons in rat ventral horn. JF - Neuroscience letters Y1 - 2009 A1 - Wang, Yu A1 - Pillai, Shreejith A1 - Jonathan Wolpaw A1 - Xiang Yang Chen KW - activity-dependent plasticity KW - GABAergic interneurons KW - H-reflex conditioning KW - learning and memory KW - Motor control KW - Spinal Cord AB - H-reflex down-conditioning increases GABAergic terminals on spinal cord motoneurons. To explore the origins of these terminals, we studied the numbers and distributions of spinal cord GABAergic interneurons. The number of identifiable GABAergic interneurons in the ventral horn was 78% greater in rats in which down-conditioning was successful than in naive rats or rats in which down-conditioning failed. No increase occurred in other spinal lamina or on the contralateral side. This finding supports the hypothesis that the corticospinal tract influence that induces the motoneuron plasticity underlying down-conditioning reaches the motoneuron through GABAergic interneurons in the ventral horn. VL - 452 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19383426 ER -